bucketzxm
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Emacs config from the scratch

Posted on Edited on In , Disqus:

I used to use spacemacs as my daily environment for developing. Spacemacs is powerful and fancy. But sometimes I have to accept it’s concept and common usages. Yesterday I tried to upgrade my Emacs from 25 to 27 which broke the spacemacs config. Then I think it’s a good time to learn more detail about Emacs. So I decide to write my own config from the scratch.

It will be time cost but maybe it’s worth to do it. I would like to have fully control over the powerful Emacs ;)

This blog will keep updating as my simple .emacs file growing. Thanks for every suggestion and tutorial. I will later list all the resources and tutorials I have met during the configuration.

Features

  1. multiple cursor operations
  2. Alt+arrow key to jump between windows
  3. Alt+num (0~8) to switch to windows directly
  4. Side-bar imenu

flymake settings

  1. global config file is under ~/.config/flake8

TODO

  • C++ language support
  • better M-x menu
  • select multiple words and edit
  • better fuzzy search
  • add ivy for search
  • window management. restore or forth to windows status. save windows status
  • general jump in buffer. save bookmark etc.

Language support packages

Python

  1. python programming in emacs
  2. Elpy The package I used in this configuration.

shortcuts

.emacs

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;;; HOW TO DEBUG
;;; (toggle-debug-on-error)
;;; (toggle-debug-on-quit)


(custom-set-variables
 ;; custom-set-variables was added by Custom.
 ;; If you edit it by hand, you could mess it up, so be careful.
 ;; Your init file should contain only one such instance.
 ;; If there is more than one, they won't work right.
 '(custom-safe-themes
   '("04232a0bfc50eac64c12471607090ecac9d7fd2d79e388f8543d1c5439ed81f5" "6e70d505e0957aaa67562ff0487b7b1b1e10f879655f2c47adf85949790fb687" default))
 '(display-line-numbers t)
 '(nil nil t)
 '(package-selected-packages
   '(magit-stgit counsel-projectile projectile zenburn-theme zenburn magit go-mode counsel ivy-hydra imenus multiple-cursors imenu-list use-package elpy winum)))
(custom-set-faces
 ;; custom-set-faces was added by Custom.
 ;; If you edit it by hand, you could mess it up, so be careful.
 ;; Your init file should contain only one such instance.
 ;; If there is more than one, they won't work right.
 '(org-document-title ((t (:inherit default :weight bold :foreground "black" :family "Sans Serif" :height 2.0 :underline nil))))
 '(org-level-1 ((t (:inherit default :weight bold :foreground "black" :family "Sans Serif" :height 1.75))))
 '(org-level-2 ((t (:inherit default :weight bold :foreground "black" :family "Sans Serif" :height 1.5))))
 '(org-level-3 ((t (:inherit default :weight bold :foreground "black" :family "Sans Serif" :height 1.25))))
 '(org-level-4 ((t (:inherit default :weight bold :foreground "black" :family "Sans Serif" :height 1.1))))
 '(org-level-5 ((t (:inherit default :weight bold :foreground "black" :family "Sans Serif"))))
 '(org-level-6 ((t (:inherit default :weight bold :foreground "black" :family "Sans Serif"))))
 '(org-level-7 ((t (:inherit default :weight bold :foreground "black" :family "Sans Serif"))))
 '(org-level-8 ((t (:inherit default :weight bold :foreground "black" :family "Sans Serif")))))

;; load emacs 24's package system. Add MELPA repository.
(when (>= emacs-major-version 24)
  (require 'package)
  (add-to-list 
   'package-archives
   ;; '("melpa" . "http://stable.melpa.org/packages/") ; many packages won't show if using stable
   '("melpa" . "http://melpa.org/packages/")
   t))
  (package-initialize)

;; create prefix key. M-m
(define-prefix-command 'M-m
  )
(global-set-key (kbd "M-m") M-m)

;; split window
(global-set-key (kbd "M-m w -") 'split-window-vertically)
(global-set-key (kbd "M-m w /") 'split-window-horizontally)


;; M-[arrow] jump to
;; use-package bind-key shortcuts instead of global-set-key to prevent major mode overwrite global key settings
;; from https://emacs.stackexchange.com/questions/352/how-to-override-major-mode-bindings
(global-set-key (kbd "M-<left>") 'windmove-left)
(global-set-key (kbd "M-<right>") 'windmove-right)
(global-set-key (kbd "M-<up>") 'windmove-up)
(global-set-key (kbd "M-<down>") 'windmove-down)

;; M-num jump to window directly
(global-set-key (kbd "C-`") 'winum-select-window-by-number)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-²") 'winum-select-window-by-number)
(global-set-key (kbd "M-0") 'winum-select-window-0-or-10)
(global-set-key (kbd "M-1") 'winum-select-window-1)
(global-set-key (kbd "M-2") 'winum-select-window-2)
(global-set-key (kbd "M-3") 'winum-select-window-3)
(global-set-key (kbd "M-4") 'winum-select-window-4)
(global-set-key (kbd "M-5") 'winum-select-window-5)
(global-set-key (kbd "M-6") 'winum-select-window-6)
(global-set-key (kbd "M-7") 'winum-select-window-7)
(global-set-key (kbd "M-8") 'winum-select-window-8)

(require 'winum)
(defun winum-assign-9-to-calculator-8-to-flycheck-errors ()
  (cond
   ((equal (buffer-name) "*Calculator*") 9)
   ((equal (buffer-name) "*Flycheck errors*") 8)))

(defun winum-assign-0-to-neotree ()
  (when (string-match-p (buffer-name) ".*\\*NeoTree\\*.*") 10))

(add-to-list 'winum-assign-functions #'winum-assign-9-to-calculator-8-to-flycheck-errors)
(add-to-list 'winum-assign-functions #'winum-assign-0-to-neotree)

(set-face-attribute 'winum-face nil :weight 'bold)


(setq window-numbering-scope            'global
      winum-reverse-frame-list          nil
      winum-auto-assign-0-to-minibuffer t
      winum-assign-func                 'my-winum-assign-func
      winum-auto-setup-mode-line        t
      winum-format                      " %s "
      winum-mode-line-position          1
      winum-ignored-buffers             '(" *which-key*"))

(winum-mode)

;; python
;; elpy
(elpy-enable)
;; disable shortcuts under elpy-mode, these are conflit with windows management and not so useful
(define-key elpy-mode-map (kbd "M-<left>") nil)
(define-key elpy-mode-map (kbd "M-<right>") nil)
(define-key elpy-mode-map (kbd "M-<up>") nil)
(define-key elpy-mode-map (kbd "M-<down>") nil)


;; windows management
;; use 'winner-mode' to redo and undo windows. This is usefull when you want to maxinum one window and back to multiple windows later.
;; winner-redo C-c <right>
;; winner-undo C-c <left>
(winner-mode 1)


;; imenu-list
;; shortcuts: Ctrl-'

(use-package imenu-list
	     :ensure t
	     :bind ("C-." . imenu-list-minor-mode)
	     :config
	     (setq imenu-list-focus-after-activation t))

(global-set-key (kbd "C-'") 'imenu-list-smart-toggle)


;; use which-function-mode to show where I am. usefull when function/class is huge
(which-function-mode)
;; when it cannot determinted, show n/a instead of ???
(setq which-func-unknown "n/a")
;; show the position on top
(setq-default header-line-format
              '((which-func-mode ("" which-func-format " "))))
(setq mode-line-misc-info
      ;; We remove Which Function Mode from the mode line, because it's mostly
      ;; invisible here anyway.
      (assq-delete-all 'which-func-mode mode-line-misc-info))


;; multiple-cursors
;; mark different lines/words and edit:  1. select the word. 2. C-> to select next lines

(require 'multiple-cursors)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-S-c C-S-c") 'mc/edit-lines)
(global-set-key (kbd "C->") 'mc/mark-next-like-this)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-<") 'mc/mark-previous-like-this)


;; ivy search
(ivy-mode 1)
(setq ivy-use-virtual-buffers t)
(setq enable-recursive-minibuffers t)
(global-set-key "\C-s" 'swiper)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c C-r") 'ivy-resume)
(global-set-key (kbd "<f6>") 'ivy-resume)
(global-set-key (kbd "M-x") 'counsel-M-x)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-x C-f") 'counsel-find-file)
(global-set-key (kbd "<f1> f") 'counsel-describe-function)
(global-set-key (kbd "<f1> v") 'counsel-describe-variable)
(global-set-key (kbd "<f1> l") 'counsel-find-library)
(global-set-key (kbd "<f2> i") 'counsel-info-lookup-symbol)
(global-set-key (kbd "<f2> u") 'counsel-unicode-char)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c g") 'counsel-git)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c j") 'counsel-git-grep)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c k") 'counsel-ag)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-x l") 'counsel-locate)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-S-o") 'counsel-rhythmbox)
(define-key minibuffer-local-map (kbd "C-r") 'counsel-minibuffer-history)


(global-set-key (kbd "C-s-<right>") (lambda () (interactive) (enlarge-window-horizontally 5)))
(global-set-key (kbd "C-s-<left>") (lambda () (interactive) (shrink-window-horizontally 5)))
(global-set-key (kbd "C-s-<up>") (lambda () (interactive) (enlarge-window 5)))
(global-set-key (kbd "C-s-<down>") (lambda () (interactive) (shrink-window 5)))


;; ;; projectile
;; ;; (projectile-mode)
;; (counsel-projectile-mode 1)
;; (define-key projectile-mode-map (kbd "C-c p") 'projectile-command-map)
;; ;; set completion option
;; (setq projectile-completion-system 'ivy)
;; (setq 'projectile-globally-ignored-directories '(".git"
;; 						 ".svn"
;; 						 ".venv"))

;; (setq 'projectile-globally-ignored-files '(".pyc"
;; 					   "~"))


;; (let ((projectile-project-root-files-top-down-recurring '(".git"))))
;; ;; enable projectile caching 
;; (setq projectile-enable-caching t)
;; (setq projectile-use-native-indexing t)


;;====================================
;; Searching
;;====================================

;; use counsel-git to find file under current git repo
;; C-c g (counsel-git)


;; search buffer
;; I know that string is in my Emacs somewhere!
(require 'cl)
(defcustom search-all-buffers-ignored-files (list (rx-to-string '(and bos (or ".bash_history" "TAGS") eos)))
  "Files to ignore when searching buffers via \\[search-all-buffers]."
  :type 'editable-list)

(require 'grep)
(defun search-all-buffers (regexp prefix)
  "Searches file-visiting buffers for occurence of REGEXP.  With
prefix > 1 (i.e., if you type C-u \\[search-all-buffers]),
searches all buffers."
  (interactive (list (grep-read-regexp)
                     current-prefix-arg))
  (message "Regexp is %s; prefix is %s" regexp prefix)
  (multi-occur
   (if (member prefix '(4 (4)))
       (buffer-list)
     (remove-if
      (lambda (b) (some (lambda (rx) (string-match rx  (file-name-nondirectory (buffer-file-name b)))) search-all-buffers-ignored-files))
      (remove-if-not 'buffer-file-name (buffer-list))))

   regexp))

(global-set-key [f7] 'search-all-buffers)


;; hide welcome screen, show scratch directly
(setq inhibit-startup-screen t)

;; enable code folding by using hideshow
;; https://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/HideShow
;; C-c @ C-M-s show all
;; C-c @ C-M-h hide all
;; C-c @ C-s show block
;; C-c @ C-h hide block
;; C-c @ C-c toggle hide/show
;; (hs-minor-mode t)


;;
;; flymake
;; Finding Syntax Errors On The Fly
;; https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/emacs/Flymake.html
(define-key flymake-mode-map (kbd "M-n") 'flymake-goto-next-error)
(define-key flymake-mode-map (kbd "M-p") 'flymake-goto-prev-error)

;;
;; c++ mode setting up
;;
;; mapping for file extension and mode
;; set .h header file open in c++ mode
(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.h\\'" . c++-mode))

(defun bucketzxm-c++-mode-hook ()
  (setq c-basic-offset 4)
  (c-set-offset 'substatement-open 0))

(add-hook 'c++-mode-hook 'bucketzxm-c++-mode-hook)


;;
;; markdown
;;
;; M-x (flymd-flyit) to start a browser
(require 'flymd)
(setq flymd-output-directory "/tmp")
;; set browser to firefox due to compatibility problem
;; https://github.com/mola-T/flymd/blob/master/browser.md#user-content-chrome-windows-or-uix
(defun my-flymd-browser-function (url)
  (let ((browse-url-browser-function 'browse-url-firefox))
    (browse-url url)))
(setq flymd-browser-open-function 'my-flymd-browser-function)



;;
;; org-mode
;;
;; reference: https://zzamboni.org/post/beautifying-org-mode-in-emacs/
;; 

;; hide the emphasis markup(e.g. /.../ for italics
(setq org-hide-emphasis-markers t)

;; set font-lock subsitution for list markers (use - for list)
(font-lock-add-keywords 'org-mode
                        '(("^ *\\([-]\\) "
                           (0 (prog1 () (compose-region (match-beginning 1) (match-end 1) "•"))))))
;; replace all headlines markers with different Unicode bullets
(use-package org-bullets
  :config
  (add-hook 'org-mode-hook (lambda () (org-bullets-mode 1))))

;;  set up a nice proportional font, in different sizes, for the headlines. 
(let* ((variable-tuple
        (cond ((x-list-fonts "Source Sans Pro") '(:font "Source Sans Pro"))
              ((x-list-fonts "Lucida Grande")   '(:font "Lucida Grande"))
              ((x-list-fonts "Verdana")         '(:font "Verdana"))
              ((x-family-fonts "Sans Serif")    '(:family "Sans Serif"))
              (nil (warn "Cannot find a Sans Serif Font.  Install Source Sans Pro."))))
       (base-font-color     (face-foreground 'default nil 'default))
       (headline           `(:inherit default :weight bold :foreground ,base-font-color)))

  (custom-theme-set-faces
   'user
   `(org-level-8 ((t (,@headline ,@variable-tuple))))
   `(org-level-7 ((t (,@headline ,@variable-tuple))))
   `(org-level-6 ((t (,@headline ,@variable-tuple))))
   `(org-level-5 ((t (,@headline ,@variable-tuple))))
   `(org-level-4 ((t (,@headline ,@variable-tuple :height 1.1))))
   `(org-level-3 ((t (,@headline ,@variable-tuple :height 1.25))))
   `(org-level-2 ((t (,@headline ,@variable-tuple :height 1.5))))
   `(org-level-1 ((t (,@headline ,@variable-tuple :height 1.75))))
   `(org-document-title ((t (,@headline ,@variable-tuple :height 2.0 :underline nil))))))


;; change default font
(add-to-list 'default-frame-alist
             '(font . "Fira Code-12:Regular"))

;; get a good theme
;; (add-to-list 'custom-theme-load-path "~/.emacs.d/themes/zenburn")
;; (load-theme 'zenburn 1)